What are the two types of optical lenses?

Optical lenses are primarily categorized into two types based on their shape and the way they manipulate light rays. Convex lenses, also known as converging lenses, are thicker in the center and cause light rays that are initially parallel to converge at a focal point on the other side of the lens. This property makes convex lenses useful in applications such as magnifying glasses, camera lenses, and corrective lenses for hyperopia (farsightedness).

On the other hand, concave lenses, or diverging lenses, are thinner in the center and cause parallel light rays to diverge as if they are emanating from a focal point behind the lens. This property is particularly beneficial for correcting myopia (nearsightedness) and is found in various optical instruments.

While the other options present different classifications of lenses, they do not accurately reflect the two main types based on how they interact with light. Flat lenses and curved lenses are too general, as most optical lenses can be considered either flat or curved. Similarly, cylindrical and spherical lenses refer to specific shapes rather than the broader optical properties. Reflective lenses are a misnomer since lenses primarily refract light rather than reflect it. Hence, the distinction between convex and concave lenses is the most